How to Cite a Webinar in APA Format: A Comprehensive Guide
Webinars have become a prevalent source of information in various fields, and it is essential to know how to properly cite them when using information gleaned from them in academic papers and other scholarly works. This article provides a detailed guide on how to cite webinars in APA format, covering different scenarios and providing examples for clarity. This guide adheres to the guidelines of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.).
General Principles of Citing Sources in APA Format
Before diving into the specifics of citing webinars, it's helpful to remember some fundamental principles of APA citation. When the audience you are writing for can retrieve the works you used, cite the works using the formats shown in Chapter 10 of the Publication Manual, which are organized according to reference group and category. This includes providing accurate information about the author, date, title, and source of the information. Whether you paraphrase or directly quote material, proper citation is crucial to avoid plagiarism and give credit to the original source.
Citing Recorded Webinars Available Online
If an archived webinar is recoverable online, it can be cited as an online video. The Reference List entry would follow the format for an online video. Here's how to format the citation:
Reference List Entry Format:
Author/Presenter, A. A. (Year, Month Date). Title of webinar in sentence case [Webinar]. Publisher/Sponsor. URL
- Author/Presenter: Type the last name of the author or presenter, followed by a comma. Then, type their first initial, followed by a period.
- Date: Include as specific a date as possible, typing the year first, followed by a comma. Then type the month and date. Don't abbreviate the name of the month.
- Title: Type the title of the webinar in sentence case, capitalizing only the first word and any proper nouns. If there is a subtitle, type a comma at the end of the title, then add the subtitle in sentence case.
- Description: After the title, type the word "Webinar" in square brackets for the description, followed by a period.
- Publisher/Sponsor: Add the name of the institution, organization, corporation, or other entity that published or sponsored the webinar, followed by a period.
- URL: Then close your entry with a full direct URL to the webinar online.
Example:
McGonagall, M. (2019, April 7). Teaching transfiguration to teenagers [Webinar]. Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. [Insert direct URL here]
Read also: Setting Up ClickFunnels for Webinars
In-Text Citation:
Whenever you paraphrase or mention the webinar, add a parenthetical citation to the end of the sentence, inside the closing punctuation.(Author, Year)
Example: (McGonagall, 2019)
In some situations, you'll want to include the author or presenter's name directly in your text. If you do this, there's no need to repeat the author's name in a parenthetical citation at the end of the sentence.
Example: McGonagall (2019) stated that…
For direct quotes, use a time-stamp so your readers can go directly to the quoted material and listen to it for themselves. You only need the time-stamp for the start of the quote, not the full range.
Read also: Comprehensive Guide: Financial Planning Webinars
Example: During the webinar, she mentioned, "…the importance of practice" (McGonagall, 2019, 1:22).
Examples of Citing Archived Webinars
Here are a few more examples of how to cite recorded webinars that are available online:
- Stanley, D. (2021, July 3). Emotional intelligence in the workplace a webinar for nurses and midwives [Webinar]. [Insert direct URL here]
- Franks, P. C. (2018, June 7). Blockchain technology for recordkeeping [Webinar]. Library 2.0. [Insert direct URL here]
- Axe, J., & Bell, T. (2017, March 27). Lunch and learn: Giving feedback on student writing [Webinar]. Royal Roads University. [Insert direct URL here]
Citing Webinars on Learning Management Systems (LMS)
These sources can be cited in the classroom assignment because they are recoverable by the instructor and fellow students. Because the LMS requires users to log in, provide the home page URL of the LMS rather than the full URL of the work.
Example:
Walden University. (2020). Introduction to psychoanalysis [PowerPoint slides]. Walden University Blackboard. [Insert LMS homepage URL here]
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Citing Live-Streamed or Non-Recorded Webinars
If the webinar is live-streamed but not recorded, or if the recording is not publicly accessible, it is not included in a reference list, but cited as personal communication instead (American Psychological Association, 2020, p. 260). If a webinar isn't recorded, your readers don't have any way to go back and review the original source themselves, so a Reference List entry isn't necessary.
In-Text Citation:
Tip: If the webinar wasn't recorded, "personal communication" is all you need, according to the APA manual.
Example: (A. Author, personal communication, Date).
Citing Other Non-Print Sources
While the focus of this article is on citing webinars, it's helpful to understand how to cite other non-print sources that you might encounter in your research.
Presentations and Conference Sessions
Whether you’re citing a keynote address, a paper presentation as part of a symposium, or a poster presentation, follow the guidelines below. While some presentations are published after they’re given, others do not have a written component. If the presentation is published, follow the guidelines for citation as laid out in the Other Print Sources page.
Conference Session Example:
Matson, E. (2018, Nov. 5). Drones and autonomous vehicles: The latest new technology to come with potential threat [Conference session].
Symposium Example:
Fabian, J. J. (2020, May 14). UX in free educational content. In J. S.
Interviews
Interviews fall into three categories: published interviews, personal interviews, and research participant interviews. A published interview is found in places like a radio show, newspaper, or magazine. To cite a published interview, adhere to the format for that particular reference type (i.e., if the interview is on a podcast, cite the podcast). A personal interview is considered personal communication and does not require a formal citation in your reference list. A research participant interview is an interview conducted as part of your research project.
Citing Presentations
Contributor, A. A., Contributor, B. B., Contributor, C. C., & Contributor, D. D. (Year, Month Day). Title of contribution [Description of contribution]. Title of Symposium/Conference, Location.
Contributor, A. A., Contributor, B. B., Contributor, C. C., & Contributor, D. D. (Year, Month Day). Title of contribution. In E. E. Chairperson & F. F. Chairperson (Chairs), Title of larger symposium/panel [Description of symposium/panel] Title of symposium/conference, Location.
Citing Conference Proceedings
Note: Cite the published conference proceedings like you would a book.
Lytras, Miltiadis D., et al., editors. Knowledge Management, Information Systems, E-Learning, and Sustainability Research Third World Summit on the Knowledge Society, WSKS 2010, Corfu, Greece, September 22-24, 2010, Proceedings, Part 1, 1st ed. 2010.
Cangas, Adolfo J., et al. "The Applications of Mindfulness with Students of Secondary School: Results on the Academic Performance, Self-concept and Anxiety." Knowledge Management, Information Systems, E-Learning, and Sustainability Research Third World Summit on the Knowledge Society, WSKS 2010, Corfu, Greece, September 22-24, 2010, Proceedings, Part 1, edited by Miltiadis D. Lytras et al., Springer, 2010, pp.
Other Types of Sources
- PowerPoint Slides:
- Mack, R., & Spake, G. (2018). Citing open source images and formatting references for presentations [PowerPoint slides].
- Walden University Writing Center. (2019). Writing the literature review [PowerPoint slides].
- Videos:
- Lastname, A. [Screen name]. (year, month day). Title of video [Video]. Streaming video site name.
- Honnold, A. (2018, April). How I climbed a 3,000-foot vertical cliff -- without ropes [Video]. TED Conferences.
- TED. (2007, January 6). Do schools kill creativity | Sir Ken Robinson [Video]. YouTube.
- Fields, J. (2012, October 3). Brene Brown on the power of being vulnerable [Video]. YouTube.
- IndigenousLibrarian. (2021, September 26). Lorisia McLeod’s templates for citing Indigenous elders and knowledge keepers (2021) #greenscreensticker [Video].
- Internal Reports:
- Likewise, use the following format to cite a report on a company intranet when writing an internal company report (see also the report formats shown in Section 10.4 of the Publication Manual).
Unpublished Works
You may find yourself needing to cite a dissertation or a manuscript that has not yet been formally published. To correctly classify the work, describe the work and put that description in square brackets.
- Barkley, S., Chen, M., & McDonald, P. (2018). The effects of sodium on children’s health [Unpublished manuscript].
- Glass, A. (2019). How avocados changed America [Manuscript in preparation].
- Jones, R. (2019). Walt Whitman and the American Dream [Manuscript submitted for publication]. (E. 1. P.
Additional Tips for Accurate Citations
- Double-Check Your Work: Always proofread your citations to ensure accuracy.
- Consult the APA Manual: For complex or unusual cases, refer to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.) for detailed guidance.
- Use Citation Management Tools: Consider using citation management software to help you organize your sources and generate citations in the correct format.
- Be Consistent: Maintain a consistent citation style throughout your paper.
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