Navigating the Grammar of "Freshman" and "Freshmen": Usage, Inclusivity, and Contemporary Perspectives
The words "freshman" and "freshmen" are frequently misused despite being easily interchangeable. While they might be challenging to distinguish grammatically, "freshman" refers to a single first-year student, while "freshmen" is the plural form. It is also difficult to determine which form to use when the word functions as an adjective. The answer is that the singular form should be used - the adjective “freshman” is always singular.
This article delves into the nuances of using "freshman" and "freshmen," exploring their grammatical distinctions, historical context, and the evolving considerations of inclusivity in language. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of these terms for various audiences.
Distinguishing "Freshman" and "Freshmen"
Both "freshman" and "freshmen" refer to first-year students entering an academic institution such as a university, college, or high school. However, their usage depends on the number of students being referred to.
- Freshman: This is the singular form, used to refer to a single first-year student. For example: "The freshman got lost on the way to his first class."
- Freshmen: This is the plural form, used to refer to a group of first-year students. For example: "We will welcome the freshmen to campus."
The Adjective "Freshman"
A common point of confusion arises when using "freshman" as an adjective. Regardless of whether referring to one student or a group, the adjective form remains singular.
- Freshman Class: The freshman class of 2022 had a lot of students from out of state.
- Freshman Orientation: The freshman orientation is designed to help students adjust to college life.
Interchangeability: A Matter of Number
Because "freshman" is singular and "freshmen" is plural, they cannot be used interchangeably. The correct form depends entirely on whether you are referring to one student or multiple students.
Read also: Understanding "syllabus" plurals
Historical Context and Evolving Language
Despite common knowledge, the term “man” originated as a gender-neutral term referring to any person. In Old English, the term “man” meant “person,” but when the term “woman” was introduced in Middle English, “man” evolved to refer to a male adult.
The Push for Inclusivity: "Freshwoman" and Gender-Neutral Alternatives
Many see the need to include forms of “freshwoman” in grammar in order to promote inclusivity in language. In light of the #MeToo movement and the nationwide Women’s March, it’s important for women and girls to have agency in what they are called. Personally, it feels like a bit of an overcorrection. I wouldn’t be offended by being called a freshman, but it’s important to be receptive of those that may feel disempowered by a seemingly gendered term.
It’s common for other traditionally “-man”-ending words to be changed to “-woman.” Plenty of us see “businesswoman,” “newswoman,” and “policewoman” on a daily basis. These are grammatically correct - as is freshwoman. In the end, there’s absolutely no harm in preferring to be called a freshwoman. Our world is becoming more sensitive to people’s personal needs - and that’s a good thing. It’s time for that concern to spill over into our language.
Even absent “freshwoman,” there are gender-neutral terms in American English that can be used. In recent years, some institutions have started using more gender-inclusive terms, such as "first-year students" or "first-years," to avoid gendered language.
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